This is the list of the 1008 sacred mames of lord vishnu. Bheeshma taught this to Yudhishthira during his discourses from his arrow-bed. He also delivered another important discourse i.e. 1008 names of lord Shiva to Yudhishthira.
This is so popular that it is quite a common practice in India for devotees to recite these 1008 names as was given in Mahaabhaaratham.
However, almost all the prominent deities have their own "1008 names " . In Deveebhaaagavatham, we see Kaalee-sahasranaama-sthoathram , or 1000 namas of goddess Kaali. It seems to be the result of the Indian philosophical custom of worshipping one's favourite God with 108 or 1008 names.