MAARKANDEYA presents MAHAABHAARATHAM

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"After praying to Naaraayana, Nara, Sarasvathi and Vyaasa, then one should read the Jayam."

DEDICATED TO MY DEAR NIECE VYSHNAVI KRISHNA

KOSALA

( The S in this name is pronounced like 's'in 'sun'. L is pronounced like l in 'lung'. When an S is added at the end, it indicates plural number, to mean the people of the land.)

KOSALA is the name of the one of the provinces of ancient India. It corresponds to the present northern Uttara Pradesh regions. Perhaps, Kosala became honourable and pious to Indians because of Raama's birth in the clan of the rulers of that province.

As was the custom in Samskritham, country names are given by the people that inhabited it and the name is always in plural. The king of a country derives his name by the country he ruled. E.g. Paanchaala is the ruler of the country Panchaalam, Chaidya is the ruler of the country Chedi, Maagadha was the ruler of the country Magadha etc. The word Kosalas refers to the land of Kosala as well as its people too.

Kosala is the main place of incidents of Raamaayanam, of course. This province is mentioned in various other puraanams too.

In Mahaabhaaratham, drona parva mentions a Kosala ruler Brihadbala, who was killed by Ashvaththaama on the thirteenth day of the war. Ashvamesha parva mentions a battle of Kosala rulers with Arjuna in the Ashvamedha expedition.

"After praying to Naaraayana, Nara, Sarasvathi and Vyaasa, then one should read the Jayam."

DEDICATED TO MY DEAR NIECE VYSHNAVI KRISHNA